EVIDENCE CLASSIFICATIONS
Different evidence.
Clearer language.
These labels describe the evidence for a specific claim. They are not a numerical probability scale.
Established
Supported by rigorous proof or overwhelming independently reproducible evidence.
High Confidence
Strong evidence with meaningful remaining uncertainty.
Developing Evidence
Credible research exists, but important questions remain unresolved.
Unresolved
Insufficient evidence to establish a conclusion.
Contradicted by Evidence
A specific factual claim conflicts with strong established evidence.
Not Empirically Testable
A philosophical, theological, or subjective proposition that empirical testing cannot settle.
A “Not Empirically Testable” label is not a judgment about a belief’s personal, ethical or spiritual value. Review copies display proposed labels pending editorial approval.